The Geopolitical Power of the Vatican More Than Just a Church

Explore the Vatican's powerful role in global geopolitics. From its unique diplomatic influence to its soft power strategies, the Vatican bridges spiritual guidance and statecraft, shaping international policy on peace, human rights, and global issues.

The Geopolitical Power of the Vatican More Than Just a Church

Introduction

The Vatican is more than just a church. It's a sovereign state with a unique role in global geopolitics. But the death of Pope Francis is bringing about significant changes. As we await the election of the new pope through the conclave, what happens when a pope dies, the Camerlengo work behind the scenes to ensure a smooth transition for the Vatican when the pope dies.

The Holy See, the Vatican's governing body, conducts international relations. It negotiates treaties, influences world leaders, and shapes international policy.

The Pope is not just a religious leader. He also serves as a head of state. His influence extends to political leaders across the globe.

The Vatican maintains diplomatic relations with over 180 states. It's a permanent observer at the United Nations. This status allows it to influence international policy.

The Vatican's foreign policy often focuses on peace promotion. It also advocates for human rights and interfaith dialogue. These efforts reflect the Church's teachings on social justice and the common good.

The Catholic Church has a vast network of followers. With over 1.3 billion people, its global influence is significant.

The Vatican uses soft power to extend its influence. It leverages its religious and moral authority through cultural diplomacy.

Papal visits to countries carry significant diplomatic weight. They can lead to changes in policy or international relations.

The Vatican has played a role in mediating international conflicts. It facilitates dialogue between warring parties.

The Vatican's diplomatic efforts often focus on humanitarian issues. These include poverty alleviation, healthcare, and education.

The Vatican's stance on moral and ethical issues can influence international law. Its teachings on social justice are integral to its diplomatic messaging.

Vatican-China relations are complex. Issues surrounding the appointment of bishops and religious freedom are key points of contention.

The Vatican's diplomatic style is characterized by discretion. It takes a long-term perspective and uses moral persuasion.

The Pope's encyclicals and public statements shape global discourse. They address critical issues such as climate change and human rights.

The Vatican's diplomatic archives provide a rich history. They detail its involvement in international affairs over centuries.

The Holy See's neutrality allows it to act as an impartial mediator. This role is crucial in international disputes.

The Vatican's influence extends to global cultural heritage. It preserves and promotes art, literature, and history.

In conclusion, the Vatican's geopolitical power is significant. It's more than just a church. It's a key player in global politics.

The Vatican's Unique Position in World Affairs

The Vatican's geopolitical role is fascinating. Despite its small size, its influence is immense. It operates on a global stage few can match.

Its diplomatic reach is unique. The Vatican connects spiritual guidance with statecraft. This dual role enhances its international impact.

The Holy See's diplomacy is steeped in history. It combines ancient traditions with modern statecraft. This blend gives the Vatican a distinctive presence in world affairs.

Vatican diplomacy is marked by subtlety. Its approach is less about power and more about moral authority. Soft power is the key to its strategy.

Historical events have shaped the Vatican's role. From the fall of the Roman Empire to the Cold War, it has adapted. These changes have reinforced its standing in international politics.

The Vatican acts as a mediator in conflicts. Its neutral stance allows it to bridge divides. This ability is respected among global leaders.

Cultural diplomacy is another Vatican strength. Through art and history, it promotes dialogue. This cultural reach complements its spiritual influence.

The Vatican's educational network extends its soft power. Catholic schools worldwide spread its values. This helps shape future leaders.

Economic interests are not its primary focus. Instead, it advocates for ethical considerations in global finance. This stance garners respect from many nations.

The Vatican's role is evolving. In a fast-changing world, it remains a constant moral compass. This unique position ensures its continued significance.

The Holy See's Role in International Relations

The Holy See is the Vatican's diplomatic engine. It conducts international relations for the Catholic Church. This role extends beyond typical state interactions.

Diplomatic relations are vast. The Holy See maintains connections with over 180 countries. This network is essential for its geopolitical influence.

Holy See diplomacy is rooted in principle. It prioritizes peace, human rights, and dialogue. These values guide its international engagements.

Its observer status at the UN enhances its influence. The Holy See contributes to global discussions. This status allows input without full voting rights.

Concordats are a vital tool. These treaties secure the Church's rights in various countries. They demonstrate the Holy See's ability to negotiate effectively.

The Holy See tackles global issues like poverty. Its approach is holistic, focusing on social justice. This aligns with its moral teachings and humanitarian ethos.

Interfaith dialogue is central to its diplomacy. The Holy See promotes understanding across religions. This fosters global peace and cooperation.

The Vatican leverages its history in diplomacy. Its archives reveal centuries of international engagement. This historical context strengthens its current diplomatic strategies.

The Pope as a Global Moral Authority

The Pope's influence is profound. He is a global moral leader. This role extends beyond religious guidance.

His authority is respected worldwide. Political leaders seek his counsel. This interaction shapes international policy and discourse.

The Pope's messages reach millions. His speeches and writings address global issues. These communications are powerful tools.

Papal authority extends to ethical debates. The Pope's stance on issues like climate change is influential. His moral perspective guides many.

Papal visits are more than ceremonial. They carry significant diplomatic weight. These visits often prompt policy changes and inspire dialogue.

The Pope engages with diverse leaders. This includes religious, political, and social figures. These interactions underline his global role.

The Pope's moral authority is timeless. It transcends political changes and regimes. This continuity provides stability in uncertain times.

His focus on social justice resonates worldwide. Advocacy for the poor, marginalized, and oppressed amplifies his impact. This advocacy affects international law and policy.

In summary, the Pope is a unique global leader. His moral authority influences world affairs. This role is integral to the Vatican's geopolitical power.

Vatican Diplomacy: How the Holy See Influences Global Politics

Vatican diplomacy is a remarkable force. It combines spiritual guidance with state interactions seamlessly. This blend shapes global dialogues in a unique way.

The Holy See's influence goes beyond borders. Its diplomacy involves moral persuasion rather than coercion. This makes it a respected player on the world stage.

Communication is essential in its approach. Through encyclicals and public statements, the Vatican shares its stance on global issues. These communications resonate widely.

The Vatican's diplomacy centers on principles. Peace and human dignity are core values. Its stance on these issues influences international policies.

Vatican envoys play a crucial role. Apostolic nuncios and delegates represent the Holy See worldwide. Their efforts strengthen ties and foster understanding.

Humanitarian aid is part of its diplomacy. The Vatican addresses global crises through relief efforts. This action underscores its commitment to a better world.

Diplomatic engagements often involve dialogue. The Vatican encourages conversations between conflicting parties. This role as a mediator is vital for peace initiatives.

The Holy See's diplomacy benefits from its neutrality. It can address conflicts impartially. This unique position facilitates trust and negotiations.

Cultural heritage is also a diplomatic tool. The Vatican's art and historical treasures promote cultural understanding. This strategy enhances its soft power.

The Vatican's impact continues to grow. As global challenges evolve, its diplomatic efforts adapt. This adaptability ensures its ongoing influence in geopolitics.

The Art of Negotiating Treaties: Concordats and Agreements

The Vatican's treaty negotiations are meticulous. Concordats are its primary diplomatic tools. These agreements secure Church rights in various countries.

Concordats highlight the Vatican's negotiating skills. They are comprehensive, covering religious, legal, and cultural aspects. This complexity requires careful diplomacy.

Negotiating concordats involves mutual respect. The Vatican prioritizes dialogue and understanding. This approach builds lasting bilateral relationships.

These treaties also protect religious freedoms. They ensure the Church's ability to operate without interference. This protection is crucial in many regions.

Concordats adapt to each country's context. The Vatican tailors agreements to local conditions. This flexibility ensures relevance and effectiveness.

Despite complexity, concordats often reach consensus. Both parties benefit from the agreements. This success showcases the Vatican's diplomatic acumen.

Conflict resolution is sometimes part of the process. The Vatican addresses disputes during negotiations. This role facilitates peace and cooperation.

Concordats have a strategic value. They strengthen the Vatican's global position. These treaties are testament to its enduring diplomatic influence.

The Holy See at the United Nations: Observer Status and Impact

The Holy See's observer status at the UN is significant. It provides a platform for global influence. Although it lacks voting rights, its voice is prominent.

Participation at the UN allows moral advocacy. The Holy See addresses issues like poverty, peace, and human rights. These stances resonate in international forums.

Its contributions extend to key discussions. The Holy See influences debates on sustainable development, humanitarian aid, and ethics. This involvement shapes global policies.

The Vatican's neutrality enhances its UN role. It mediates without bias. This quality makes it a trusted partner in conflict resolution.

Through the UN, the Holy See promotes religious freedom. It advocates for the rights of all faiths. This work supports peace and tolerance worldwide.

The Vatican’s influence extends to international law. Its perspectives shape ethical standards and human rights norms. This influence is recognized in legal frameworks globally.

The Holy See's engagement with UN agencies is active. Its collaboration on health, education, and environmental issues is impactful. These efforts support global well-being.

The Holy See’s observer role is unique yet powerful. Its contributions are respected and significant. This status ensures the Vatican remains a key player in global diplomacy.

Soft Power and the Catholic Church

The Catholic Church wields impressive soft power. Its reach is both spiritual and cultural. Through faith, it connects over a billion people worldwide.

This network is vast and influential. The Church's teachings shape values and ethics. These teachings echo in international dialogues and policies.

The Vatican's soft power goes beyond doctrine. It includes cultural contributions, educational institutions, and humanitarian efforts. These elements enhance its global standing.

The Church's moral authority is unparalleled. As a guide on ethical issues, it often sways public opinion. Its stance is considered in political and social debates.

Art and culture bolster its influence. The Vatican’s museums and archives are global treasures. These sites attract millions, enhancing cultural diplomacy.

The Church's role in education is significant. It operates thousands of schools and universities. These institutions promote values, boosting its soft power.

Humanitarian missions amplify its reach. Catholic charities offer aid in crisis zones. This compassion fosters goodwill and positive perception.

Interfaith dialogue strengthens its soft power. The Vatican engages other religions in meaningful conversations. These efforts promote understanding and peace.

Digital engagement expands its influence. The Vatican uses media to reach diverse audiences. Online platforms help spread its messages rapidly.

Soft power is essential for the Vatican. It allows influence without force. This approach aligns with its values and bolsters its role in geopolitics.

Cultural Diplomacy and the Global Catholic Network

Cultural diplomacy is a cornerstone for the Vatican. Through art, music, and tradition, it connects with nations. This strategy builds bridges and fosters respect.

The Catholic Church's cultural legacy is immense. Its traditions are interwoven with history. These elements offer soft power advantages on the global stage.

Faith traditions influence culture profoundly. Religious celebrations and rituals are part of national identities. This interplay strengthens diplomatic ties.

The Vatican uses cultural platforms wisely. Its art collections and cathedrals are diplomatic tools. These sites facilitate cultural exchange and dialogue.

Catholicism's global network is vast. The Church operates in over 180 countries. This presence provides opportunities for cultural influence and support.

Cultural diplomacy fosters unity. It promotes shared values through music, festivals, and art. These exchanges build mutual understanding among nations.

Church-sponsored events have diplomatic goals. They highlight peace, cooperation, and shared heritage. These gatherings reinforce international friendships.

Restoration and preservation efforts boost its image. The Vatican protects world heritage sites. These actions demonstrate commitment to cultural stewardship.

Interfaith artistic collaborations enhance diplomacy. Joint exhibits and performances encourage dialogue. These initiatives bridge cultural and religious divides.

The Vatican views cultural diplomacy as vital. It enriches international relations. This soft power tool complements its spiritual leadership.

Papal Visits and Their Diplomatic Significance

Papal visits are strategic and impactful. They carry immense diplomatic weight. Each visit is crafted to foster goodwill and dialogue.

When a pope travels, the world takes note. These visits attract global media coverage. They offer a platform for conveying important messages.

Each visit addresses specific themes. Issues like peace, justice, or reconciliation take center stage. The pope’s presence highlights these issues.

Papal addresses during visits are crucial. Speeches often tackle pressing global concerns. These messages influence political and social landscapes.

Diplomatic meetings feature prominently. The pope meets with leaders and religious figures. These interactions strengthen diplomatic bonds.

These visits promote interfaith dialogue. Meetings with different religious communities foster understanding. They highlight the Vatican's commitment to peace.

Papal visits often leave lasting impressions. They can shift political climates or spark change. These impacts underscore their diplomatic importance.

Local Catholic communities are energized. A papal visit is a significant event for believers. It strengthens faith and encourages community involvement.

Infrastructure and cultural projects often follow. Cities may see new developments in anticipation. This legacy extends the impact of the visit.

Each visit has strategic planning behind it. They reflect the Vatican's diplomatic priorities. These journeys exemplify the pope's role as a global statesman.

The Vatican's Foreign Policy: Principles and Practice

Vatican foreign policy is deeply rooted in moral values. Its approach is not about power but ethics. The Holy See advocates for justice and common good.

Peace is at the heart of the Vatican's agenda. It engages in dialogues and mediations globally. Its aim is to resolve conflicts and prevent violence.

Human rights are a top priority. The Vatican champions dignity for all. Its policies support equality and protect vulnerable groups.

The Church's teachings guide its foreign policy. Social justice, compassion, and fairness shape its stance. These principles are non-negotiable in its diplomacy.

The Vatican’s approach is often discreet. It uses quiet diplomacy to influence outcomes. This method can be more effective than public declarations.

Long-term vision characterizes its policies. The Vatican looks beyond immediate gains. It focuses on sustainable and equitable solutions.

Neutrality is a significant advantage. The Vatican can mediate without political bias. Its impartiality enhances its diplomatic credibility.

Moral persuasion is a key tool. The Vatican appeals to ethical standards. It encourages countries to uphold humane laws.

The Catholic Church's influence is not limited to politics. Through education and charity, it shapes societies. These efforts support its diplomatic goals.

Overall, the Vatican's foreign policy remains steadfast. It seeks to build a world where peace and justice prevail. This commitment underlies every diplomatic action it undertakes.

Promoting Peace and Human Rights: The Vatican's Stance

Peace promotion is essential for the Vatican. It serves as a voice of reason in tumultuous times. Its messages often call for an end to hostilities.

The Holy See actively participates in peace negotiations. It has mediated conflicts worldwide. Its involvement is guided by a desire for harmony.

Human rights advocacy is central to its mission. The Vatican supports conventions that protect individuals. These efforts safeguard human dignity globally.

Vatican conferences often focus on peace and rights. They gather leaders to address these critical issues. Such forums are platforms for substantial dialogue.

Respect for life is a non-negotiable principle. The Vatican opposes violence in all forms. Its stance extends to economic and social justice.

The Church’s outreach supports those in need. It addresses poverty, exclusion, and abuse. This focus is integral to its human rights advocacy.

Vatican diplomacy includes promoting freedom. The Church champions the right to belief and worship. It fights against persecution wherever it occurs.

The Holy See’s teachings inspire peace initiatives. Concepts of forgiveness and reconciliation guide its actions. These values drive meaningful change in societies.

Interfaith Dialogue and Religious Freedom Advocacy

Interfaith dialogue is a powerful tool for the Vatican. The Church seeks common ground with other faiths. Mutual respect is foundational in these engagements.

These dialogues aim to reduce tensions. They foster understanding among diverse groups. The goal is a harmonious coexistence of all religions.

The Vatican holds significant interfaith meetings. These often include world religious leaders. Discussions highlight shared values and universal truths.

Promoting religious freedom is a key responsibility. The Vatican advocates for the right to worship freely. It denounces any form of religious suppression.

Collaboration with other religions has practical outcomes. Joint initiatives address global challenges. Efforts in education, peace, and welfare benefit many.

The Vatican itself is a hub of religious exchange. It hosts events that unite various traditions. This setting is crucial for nurturing ongoing dialogue.

The Church’s advocacy includes pushing for policy changes. The Vatican appeals to governments to protect religious groups. This ensures diverse beliefs can flourish.

Religious diplomacy strengthens international relations. By engaging other faiths, the Vatican enhances global peace. These efforts promote a world where different beliefs are respected and preserved.

Key Geopolitical Relationships and Vatican Diplomacy

The Vatican maintains a broad network of diplomatic ties. It holds relations with over 180 states. This global reach amplifies its geopolitical impact.

Each relationship is unique and complex. Cultural, political, and historical factors intertwine. The Vatican carefully navigates these intricacies.

Its diplomatic strategy often centers on mutual interests. Shared values and goals strengthen partnerships. This approach fosters lasting alliances.

The Vatican's role is not limited to bilateral relations. It actively participates in multilateral organizations. This includes the United Nations and other global bodies.

Holy See diplomacy is characterized by consistency. It is guided by a strong moral compass. Core principles remain at the forefront of its policies.

The Vatican's influence extends beyond traditional diplomacy. It engages in soft power strategies. Cultural diplomacy is a hallmark of its international relations.

The Church's moral voice resonates with nations worldwide. This unique authority transcends geopolitical boundaries. Its guidance is sought in times of crisis.

The Vatican promotes dialogue above conflict. It prioritizes peacebuilding in all interactions. This commitment is evident across its diplomatic endeavors.

It also addresses critical global challenges. Issues like climate change and poverty are pivotal. The Vatican's leadership is crucial in these areas.

Overall, the Vatican’s diplomatic efforts contribute to global stability. Its relationships are built on trust and respect. These are the hallmarks of its enduring influence.

Vatican-China Relations: A Complex Dynamic

Vatican-China relations have a long, intricate history. It is a relationship shaped by both tension and cooperation. Religious freedom is often at the center of these discussions.

Dialogue between the two entities has been complex. Both sides seek common ground amidst differences. The Vatican aims for better conditions for Catholics in China.

Recognition is a core issue. China does not officially acknowledge the Vatican. This complicates the diplomatic landscape significantly.

A breakthrough came in 2018. A provisional agreement on bishop appointments was reached. This marked a new chapter in Vatican-China relations.

This agreement was historic but delicate. The Vatican hopes it leads to broader dialogue. Ensuring freedom of worship remains a priority.

Despite progress, challenges persist. Issues around religious expression need resolution. The Vatican continues to work towards improved conditions.

The Holy See's diplomatic style involves patience. It seeks long-term solutions over immediate gains. This approach is critical in its dealings with China.

The Catholic Church's presence in China is significant. Millions of Chinese Catholics look to the Vatican for spiritual leadership. This underscores the importance of sustained diplomatic engagement.

The Vatican and the European Political Landscape

Europe holds a special significance for the Vatican. The Church's historical and cultural ties to the continent are profound. These connections play a vital role in its diplomacy.

The Vatican has influenced Europe's political evolution. It has been a participant in key historical events. Its role in Europe's unification processes is notable.

European integration is of particular interest to the Vatican. It supports initiatives that promote peace and unity. The Church often advocates for policies aligned with these goals.

Vatican diplomacy in Europe involves active engagement. It maintains relations with all European countries. These ties are crucial for addressing regional issues.

The Holy See is involved in the continent’s moral discourse. It influences debates on vital ethical concerns. Issues like migration and human rights are at the forefront.

The Vatican's voice in EU institutions is significant. It offers moral guidance on policy matters. Its perspectives are considered on a range of social topics.

Europe's religious heritage aligns with Vatican values. This shared foundation enhances diplomatic efforts. It creates a platform for meaningful cooperation.

The Church also addresses secularism in Europe. It engages in dialogue with political leaders. This ensures that spiritual perspectives remain relevant in the public sphere.

Through its European diplomacy, the Vatican fosters cultural preservation. It champions the protection of Europe’s religious sites. This effort underscores its commitment to the continent’s heritage.

In conclusion, the Vatican’s influence in Europe remains robust. Its presence is a stabilizing force amid challenges. This underscores the enduring power of its geopolitical role.

The Vatican's Influence on Global Issues and Conflicts

The Vatican's role in global affairs extends beyond mere religious leadership. It actively engages in critical issues, offering solutions and guidance. This influence is deeply rooted in moral authority and diplomatic skill.

One significant area of involvement is conflict resolution. The Vatican often mediates international disputes. Its neutrality allows it to act as a credible intermediary.

The Holy See's impact is not confined to traditional conflicts. It addresses global challenges like poverty and human rights. These efforts demonstrate its commitment to the common good.

Climate change is another critical focus. The Vatican emphasizes the moral imperative to protect creation. It advocates for sustainable practices and policies worldwide.

Vatican diplomacy is shaped by a vision of peace. It works tirelessly to promote dialogue over discord. This approach seeks long-term stability and cooperation.

Religious freedom is a cornerstone of Vatican policy. The Church advocates for believers' rights everywhere. This stance influences international human rights discussions.

The Pope’s global influence helps spotlight injustices. His public statements can sway international opinion. This unique voice is respected across cultures and nations.

The Vatican also addresses social justice. It highlights issues like economic inequality. Its messages encourage inclusive and equitable growth.

Humanitarian crises receive Vatican attention. The Church mobilizes resources and support for affected areas. This assistance is guided by compassion and solidarity.

The Vatican's engagement in global issues confirms its commitment to peace. Its influence remains essential in addressing both conflicts and opportunities worldwide.

Mediating International Disputes: Historical and Contemporary Examples

The Vatican has a history of mediating in international disputes. Its neutral and respected position makes it an effective mediator. This role is often seen in both historical and modern contexts.

A notable example is its involvement in the Cold War. Pope John Paul II played a key role. His influence contributed to the fall of communism in Eastern Europe.

The Vatican was also instrumental in the Cuban Missile Crisis. Diplomatic efforts helped ease tensions. This intervention showcases the Church’s impact on global security.

More recently, the Vatican helped mediate in Colombia. Its efforts supported the peace process with FARC. This contribution was pivotal to ending decades of conflict.

The Vatican's approach to mediation is distinct. It focuses on dialogue and reconciliation. This method fosters mutual understanding and peace.

In Africa, the Vatican has mediated numerous disputes. It encourages peaceful resolutions over armed conflict. Its moral authority supports these initiatives effectively.

The Vatican’s efforts in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are ongoing. It advocates for dialogue and coexistence. Peace in the Middle East remains a central concern.

The Vatican’s style of diplomacy is quiet yet effective. It uses soft power and moral persuasion. This approach distinguishes it from other geopolitical actors.

Papal influence often facilitates high-level dialogue. World leaders respect the Vatican's moral stance. This respect enhances its mediation capabilities.

The Vatican’s mediation history illustrates its role as a global peacemaker. It uses its influence to resolve disputes and promote harmony. This legacy of peace continues in contemporary times.

The Vatican's Role in Addressing Climate Change and Environmental Issues

The Vatican has become a prominent voice in environmental advocacy. This emphasis on ecology stems from a moral obligation to protect creation. The Pope's encyclicals highlight this commitment.

"Laudato Si'" is particularly influential. This document calls for urgent action on climate change. It underscores the moral dimensions of environmental stewardship.

The Vatican's approach is holistic. It links environmental issues with social justice. Inequity and environmental degradation are seen as interconnected.

The Church collaborates with global leaders. It urges nations to adopt sustainable practices. This collaboration is crucial in shaping international environmental policy.

Climate change is framed as a common challenge. The Vatican promotes unity in addressing it. This perspective encourages collective action across nations.

Environmental initiatives by the Church are multifaceted. They encompass educational programs and grassroots activism. This dual approach amplifies its environmental message.

The Vatican also participates in international forums. Its presence in climate conferences adds a moral voice. This presence influences the global discourse on climate change.

Papal messages reach millions worldwide. They inspire individuals and communities to act. This widespread influence is a hallmark of Vatican efforts.

The Church's commitment extends to vulnerable populations. It emphasizes the impact of climate change on the poor. This focus on the marginalized guides its environmental agenda.

In conclusion, the Vatican's role in environmental issues is profound. Its moral leadership fosters global dialogue and action. This leadership is vital in addressing the planet's ecological challenges.

Conclusion: The Vatican's Geopolitical Power in the Modern World

The Vatican's influence extends far beyond its small geographic borders. It wields significant geopolitical power rooted in moral authority and diplomacy. This unique position enables it to play a pivotal role in world affairs.

The Holy See utilizes its soft power effectively. Its principles of peace, human rights, and environmental stewardship resonate globally. This appeal allows the Vatican to transcend traditional political boundaries.

Diplomatic relations are a cornerstone of Vatican influence. Maintaining dialogue with over 180 states enriches its global engagement. This network facilitates the Vatican's advocacy on vital international issues.

Papal authority is central to this influence. The Pope's words and actions can shift global discussions. His moral stance provides guidance in times of uncertainty and division.

In geopolitics, the Vatican's role is multifaceted. It involves mediation, advocacy, and cultural diplomacy. This diverse strategy ensures its continued relevance in global affairs.

In summary, the Vatican's geopolitical power is enduring and profound. It continues to shape international relations with wisdom and compassion. This unique blend of spiritual and political leadership remains essential in the modern world. Although the Catholic Church is in decline in the West, the Vatican's power continues to grow in the Global South. Given the immense wealth of the Vatican, the Catholic Church is likely to continue challenging authoritarian regimes, while the pope has a strong influence on American and European politics, regardless of who the next pope is.